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Philosophy

 "La clef des songes", a painting by Magritte, depicting a leaf described as a table and a sponge described as a sponge.

Magritte "La clef des songes" ; München (Munich), Germany - Pinakothek der Moderne" by jaime.silva is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

Philosophical writings

Learn about the sources and types of philosophical works you can access through the library.

 

Books and articles

Most philosophical writings can be found in books or articles.  These can be read either online or in print. Articles appear in books that are edited anthologies (collections on a specific topic) or in academic journals. 

Articles are published regularly in journals, also known as periodicals. Some journals focus on just one area of philosophy, such as Philosophy and Public Affairs, whereas others cover a variety of philosophical topics, for example The Philosophical Quarterly. 

 

Primary texts

These are original works in which philosophers write directly about philosophical issues. They often take the form of books or articles. Other primary sources that give insights into the work of philosophers are: letters, lectures, pamphlets, interviews, works of art, and contemporary criticism.  Primary texts are the key readings for your units. You will be spending quite some time familiarising yourself with these!

 

Secondary texts

These are commentaries on the original works of philosophers. They can interpret, analyse or criticise these original works. Many philosophical works discuss other philosophical texts while also dealing directly with a philosophical issue.  Texts on, or about, a primary text are known as secondary texts. These are often read alongside the primary texts they refer to. Usually you need to have a good grasp of the primary text in order to make sense of the secondary text. 

 

Reference books

From the very start of your studies, you will be reading books and articles written by professional philosophers for professional philosophers.  Reference books are written by philosophers for student audiences and are useful starting points for a topic that's new to you. They contain useful summaries of key concepts or a philosopher's ideas. They situate thinkers and their ideas in their historical and philosophical contexts.

  • General introductions to philosophy as a whole.
  • Introductions to particular topics or areas of philosophy (e.g. biomedical ethics or philosophy of science).
  • Philosophical dictionaries that can help you with terminology and key concepts.
  • Encyclopedias are a great starting point for research, or to gain background information for a new topic. They have useful philosophical topics and bibliographies. They are updated regularly by philosophers and contain bibliographies for more in-depth information.
  • Handbooks and ‘companions’ that collect longer articles on a wide range of topics, concepts and ideas in philosophy.

 

Monographs

These in-depth, scholarly books are useful for further research once you have grasped the basics.

Examples of primary texts

Kierkegaard's Journals and Notebooks

Kierkegaard's Journals and Notebooks

For over a century, the Danish thinker Søren Kierkegaard (1813-55) has been at the center of a number of important discussions, concerning not only philosophy and theology, but also, more recently, fields such as social thought, psychology, and contemporary aesthetics. His journals and Notebooks enable us to see the thinker in dialogue with his times and with himself. 

Examples of reference books